Culture of toxic microalgae and evaluation of toxin production; investigation of factors influencing growth and toxin formation in microalgae; assessment of uptake, distribution in body parts, and clearance of toxins from commercial shellfish; determination of physiological change in zooplankton and shellfish exposed to toxic algae. Investigation of molluscan and fish nutrition and energetics by assessing the effects of algal, planktonic and artificial diets on their growth and nutritional condition. Assessment of nutritional components in phyto- and zoo-plankton species and their changes resulting from culture conditions. Investigations on uptake of dietary carotenoids in farmed salmonids and assessment of isomeric forms of carotenoids in Pacific salmon originating from different river systems.